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医院中子照射器 3

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Implantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for ischemic stroke: perspectives and challenges

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 20-29 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0371-x

摘要：

Ischemic stroke is a focal cerebral insult that often leads to many adverse neurological complications severely affecting the quality of life. The prevalence of stroke is increasing throughout the world, while the efficacy of current pharmacological therapies remains unclear. As a neuroregenerative therapy, the implantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) has shown great possibility to restore function after stroke. This review article provides an update role of hUC-MSCs implantation in the treatment of ischemic stroke. With the unique “immunosuppressive and immunoprivilege” property, hUC-MSCs are advised to be an important candidate for allogeneic cell treatment. Nevertheless, most of the treatments are still at primary stage and not clinically feasible at the current time. Several uncertain problems, such as culture conditions, allograft rejection, and potential tumorigenicity, are the choke points in this cellular therapy. More preclinical researches and clinical studies are needed before hUC-MSCs implantation can be used as a routinely applied clinical therapy.

关键词： cellular therapy     transplantation     human umbilical cord     mesenchymal stem cells     ischemic stroke    

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Regulation of T cell immunity by cellular metabolism

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 463-472 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0668-2

摘要：

T cells are an important adaptive immune response arm that mediates cell-mediated immunity. T cell metabolism plays a central role in T cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and effector function. Specific metabolic programs are tightly controlled to mediate T cell immune responses, and alterations in T cell metabolism may result in many immunological disorders. In this review, we will summarize the main T cell metabolic pathways and the important factors participating in T cell metabolic programming during T cell homeostasis, differentiation, and function.

关键词： T cell immunity     metabolic pathways     nutrient uptake     metabolic checkpoints    

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Parametric sensitivity analysis of cellular diaphragm wall

Xi CHEN, Wei XU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 358-364 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0177-3

摘要： The deformation law of the cellular diaphragm wall in deep foundation pits was studied through numerical simulation. Based on the example of the dock wall in engineering, the full three-dimensional finite element model was used to simulate the excavation of the foundation pit. Interaction between the cellular diaphragm wall and the soil was also taken into account in the calculation. The results indicated that the maximum lateral displacement, which is the evaluation index of sensitivity analysis, appeared on the top of the interior longitudinal wall with an excavation depth of 10 m. The centrifuge model test was carried out to study the deformation regulation for a cellular diaphragm wall. The most sensitive factor was found by adjusting the length of the partition wall, the spacing of the partition wall and the thickness of the wall. In the end, a suggestion was proposed to optimize the cellular diaphragm by adjusting the length of the partition wall.

关键词： cellular diaphragm wall     sensitivity analysis     optimization     centrifuge model test    

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Liver cell therapies: cellular sources and grafting strategies

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 432-457 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1002-1

摘要： The liver has a complex cellular composition and a remarkable regenerative capacity. The primary cell types in the liver are two parenchymal cell populations, hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, that perform most of the functions of the liver and that are helped through interactions with non-parenchymal cell types comprising stellate cells, endothelia and various hemopoietic cell populations. The regulation of the cells in the liver is mediated by an insoluble complex of proteins and carbohydrates, the extracellular matrix, working synergistically with soluble paracrine and systemic signals. In recent years, with the rapid development of genetic sequencing technologies, research on the liver’s cellular composition and its regulatory mechanisms during various conditions has been extensively explored. Meanwhile breakthroughs in strategies for cell transplantation are enabling a future in which there can be a rescue of patients with end-stage liver diseases, offering potential solutions to the chronic shortage of livers and alternatives to liver transplantation. This review will focus on the cellular mechanisms of liver homeostasis and how to select ideal sources of cells to be transplanted to achieve liver regeneration and repair. Recent advances are summarized for promoting the treatment of end-stage liver diseases by forms of cell transplantation that now include grafting strategies.

关键词： liver regeneration     hepatocytes     cholangiocytes     stem cells     organoids     regulatory mechanisms     transplantation/grafting strategies    

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Optimization of Land-use Based on the Theory of Cellular Automata and Value of Ecosystem Services

Lian-fu Jiang,Guo-xian Xu,Hao Jiang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第4期   页码 395-401 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014058

摘要： The main objective of the study was to confirm the location and configuration of “Habitat Conservation Area” in Dongguan City. The land utilization condition in the target city was simulated using Arc GIS and Geo SOS software basing on multi-criteria decision model of Cellular Automata (CA). Both the simulation result and accuracy satisfied well the basic requirements. In addition to multi-criteria decision model, space optimization technique was used as well in simulation experiments.

关键词： Ecosystem service function     optimization of land use     Cellular Automata (CA)    

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Influence of construction-induced damage on the degradation of freeze–thawed lightweight cellular concrete

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 781-792 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0733-9

摘要： During the construction of lightweight cellular concrete (LCC), material damage frequently occurs, causing the degradation and deterioration of the mechanical performance, durability, and subgrade quality of LCC. The construction-induced damage can be more significant than those from the service environment of LCC, such as freeze–thaw (F–T) action in cold regions. However, the effect of construction-induced damage on LCC during F–T cycles is often ignored and the deterioration mechanisms are not yet clarified. In this study, we investigated the factors causing damage during construction using a sample preparation method established to simulate the damage in the laboratory setting. We conducted F–T cycle tests and microstructural characterization to study the effect of microstructural damage on the overall strength of LCC with different water contents under F–T actions. We established the relationship between the pore-area ratio and F–T cycle times, pore-area ratio, and strength, as well as the F–T cycle times and strength under different damage forms. The damage evolution is provided with the rationality of the damage equation, verified by comparing the measured and predicted damage variables. This study would serve as a guide for the construction and performance of LCC in cold regions.

关键词： lightweight cellular concrete     construction-induced damage     freeze-thaw action     microstructure     degradation mechanism    

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Macro-architectured cellular materials: Properties, characteristic modes, and prediction methods

Zheng-Dong MA

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第13卷 第3期   页码 442-459 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0488-8

摘要：

Macro-architectured cellular (MAC) material is defined as a class of engineered materials having configurable cells of relatively large (i.e., visible) size that can be architecturally designed to achieve various desired material properties. Two types of novel MAC materials, negative Poisson’s ratio material and biomimetic tendon reinforced material, were introduced in this study. To estimate the effective material properties for structural analyses and to optimally design such materials, a set of suitable homogenization methods was developed that provided an effective means for the multiscale modeling of MAC materials. First, a strain-based homogenization method was developed using an approach that separated the strain field into a homogenized strain field and a strain variation field in the local cellular domain superposed on the homogenized strain field. The principle of virtual displacements for the relationship between the strain variation field and the homogenized strain field was then used to condense the strain variation field onto the homogenized strain field. The new method was then extended to a stress-based homogenization process based on the principle of virtual forces and further applied to address the discrete systems represented by the beam or frame structures of the aforementioned MAC materials. The characteristic modes and the stress recovery process used to predict the stress distribution inside the cellular domain and thus determine the material strengths and failures at the local level are also discussed.

关键词： architectured material     cellular materials     multi-scale modeling     homogenization method     effective material properties     computational method    

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A review of intelligent optimization for group scheduling problems in cellular manufacturing

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 406-426 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0242-0

摘要： Given that group technology can reduce the changeover time of equipment, broaden the productivity, and enhance the flexibility of manufacturing, especially cellular manufacturing, group scheduling problems (GSPs) have elicited considerable attention in the academic and industry practical literature. There are two issues to be solved in GSPs: One is how to allocate groups into the production cells in view of major setup times between groups and the other is how to schedule jobs in each group. Although a number of studies on GSPs have been published, few integrated reviews have been conducted so far on considered problems with different constraints and their optimization methods. To this end, this study hopes to shorten the gap by reviewing the development of research and analyzing these problems. All literature is classified according to the number of objective functions, number of machines, and optimization algorithms. The classical mathematical models of single-machine, permutation, and distributed flowshop GSPs based on adjacent and position-based modeling methods, respectively, are also formulated. Last but not least, outlooks are given for outspread problems and problem algorithms for future research in the fields of group scheduling.

关键词： cellular manufacturing     group scheduling     flowshop     literature review    

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How to judge the association of postmenopausal hormone therapy and the risk of breast cancer

Ling XU

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 290-293 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0093-7

摘要： The relevance of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) for breast cancer risk has been long debated, although it is one of the most important barriers for women to accept HT. Various opinions have been reported from recent randomized clinical trials and epidemiological studies. These unanswered questions include: whether HT has a positive impact on breast cancer; whether risks of therapy with unopposed estrogen and combined estrogen-progestin are different; and whether different types and routes of estrogen and progestogens, as well as the duration and cessation of HT use, have different impacts on this disorder. Recently, there has been some good news such as the following: the currently available data do not provide sufficient evidence to prove a causal relationship between postmenopausal HT and breast cancer; breast cancer in postmenopausal women using HT usually has better prognosis than that of nonusers. In conclusion, HT is still the most effective method of relieving climacteric symptoms for many postmenopausal women. However, a possible risk of breast cancer associated with long-term HT usage should not be ignored. With respect to prevention of breast cancer, regular evaluation of individual breast cancer susceptibility and close follow-up through mammography and/or breast sonography are necessary strategies for the safety of HT use.

关键词： breast cancer     postmenopausal hormone therapy     unopposed estrogen therapy     combined estrogen-progestin therapy    

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Design of nanocarriers for efficient cellular uptake and endosomal release of small molecule and nucleic

Vaibhav Mundra, Ram I. Mahato

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 387-404 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1457-3

摘要： There are many challenges in developing efficient and target specific delivery systems of small molecule and nucleic acid drugs. Cell membrane presents one of the major barriers for the penetration of hydrophilic macromolecules across the plasma membrane. Nanocarriers have been designed to enhance their cellular uptake via endocytosis but following their cellular uptake, endosomal escape is the rate limiting step which restricts the value associated with the enhanced uptake by nanocarriers. Viruses are an excellent model for efficient cytosolic delivery by nanocarriers. Viruses exploit intracellular cues to release the genome to cytosol. In this review, we first discuss different endocytic uptake pathways and endosomal escape mechanisms. We then summarize the existing tools for studying the intracellular trafficking of nanocarriers. Finally, we highlight the important design elements of recent virus-based nanocarriers for efficient cellular uptake and endosomal escape.

关键词： nanocarrier     cellular uptake     endosomal release     nucleic acid drug    

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Quantum-dot cellular automata based reversible low power parity generator and parity checker design for

Jadav Chandra DAS,Debashis DE

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第17卷 第3期   页码 224-236 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500079

摘要： Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is an emerging area of research in reversible computing. It can be used to design nanoscale circuits. In nanocommunication, the detection and correction of errors in a received message is a major factor. Besides, device density and power dissipation are the key issues in the nanocommunication architecture. For the first time, QCA-based designs of the reversible low-power odd parity generator and odd parity checker using the Feynman gate have been achieved in this study. Using the proposed parity generator and parity checker circuit, a nanocommunication architecture is proposed. The detection of errors in the received message during transmission is also explored. The proposed QCA Feynman gate outshines the existing ones in terms of area, cell count, and delay. The quantum costs of the proposed conventional reversible circuits and their QCA layouts are calculated and compared, which establishes that the proposed QCA circuits have very low quantum cost compared to conventional designs. The energy dissipation by the layouts is estimated, which ensures the possibility of QCA nano-device serving as an alternative platform for the implementation of reversible circuits. The stability of the proposed circuits under thermal randomness is analyzed, showing the operational efficiency of the circuits. The simulation results of the proposed design are tested with theoretical values, showing the accuracy of the circuits. The proposed circuits can be used to design more complex low-power nanoscale lossless nanocommunication architecture such as nano-transmitters and nano-receivers.

关键词： Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA)     Parity generator     Parity checker     Feynman gate     Nanocommunication     Power dissipation    

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Persistence of humoral and cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection: opportunities and challenges

Tangchun Wu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 816-819 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0823-4

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Functional role of ATM in the cellular response to DNA damage

Ming LIU, Wenxiang HU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 179-187 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0268-4

摘要： Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) plays a key role in regulating the cellular response to ionizing radiation. The tumor-suppressor gene ATM, mutations in which cause the human genetic disease ataxia telangiectasia, encodes a key protein kinase that controls the cellular response to double-stranded breaks. Activation of ATM results in phosphorylation of many downstream targets that modulate numerous damage response pathways, most notably cell cycle checkpoints. Here, we highlight some of the new developments in the field in our understanding of the mechanism of activation of ATM and its signaling pathways, explore whether DNA double-strand breaks are the sole activators of ATM and ATM-dependent signaling pathways, and address some of the prominent, unanswered questions related to ATM and its function. The scope of this article is to provide a brief overview of the recent literature on this subject and to raise questions that could be addressed in future studies.

关键词： ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)     cell cycle checkpoint     DNA damage     signalling transduction    

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二维可控细胞自动机伪随机序列发生方法研究

朱保平,马骞,刘凤玉

《中国工程科学》 2007年 第9卷 第6期   页码 43-47

摘要：

提出了一种新的细胞自动机———二维可控细胞自动机。根据二维可控细胞自动机的性质，提出了一 种具有梯型结构的二维可控细胞自动机的伪随机序列发生方法。计算机模拟表明，具有梯型结构的二维可控细 胞自动机伪随机序列发生器实现简单，产生的序列具有速度高、统计特性好等优点。新的细胞自动机在对称密 码学中有广泛地应用。

关键词： 细胞自动机     伪随机序列发生器     可控     密码学    

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Quality evaluation of lightweight cellular concrete by an ultrasound-based method

Xin LIU; Dongning SUN; Jinhe LIAO; Zhiwei SHAO; Yunqiang SHI; Siqing ZHANG; Yunlong YAO; Baoning HONG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期   页码 1170-1182 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0874-5

摘要： The accuracy of subgrade quality evaluation is important for road safety assessment. Since there is little research work devoted to testing lightweight cellular concrete (LCC) by an ultrasound-based method, the quantitative relation between ultrasonic testing results and the quality of LCC subgrade is not well understood. In this paper, the quality of LCC subgrade was evaluated with respect to compressive strength and crack discrimination. The relation between ultrasonic testing results and LCC quality was explored through indoor tests. Based on the quantitative relation between ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength of LCC, a fitting formula was established. Moreover, after the LCC became cracked, the ultrasonic pulse velocity and ultrasonic pulse amplitude decreased. After determining the lower limiting values of the ultrasonic pulse velocity and ultrasonic pulse amplitude through the statistical data, it could be calculated whether there were cracks in LCC subgrade. The ultrasonic testing results showed that the compressive strength of the LCC subgrade was suitable for purpose and there was no crack in the subgrade. Then core samples were taken from the subgrade. Comparisons between ultrasonic testing results of subgrade and test results of core samples demonstrated a good agreement.

关键词： lightweight cellular concrete     subgrade     ultrasound testing     quality evaluation     crack discrimination    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Implantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for ischemic stroke: perspectives and challenges

null

期刊论文

Regulation of T cell immunity by cellular metabolism

null

期刊论文

Parametric sensitivity analysis of cellular diaphragm wall

Xi CHEN, Wei XU

期刊论文

Liver cell therapies: cellular sources and grafting strategies

期刊论文

Optimization of Land-use Based on the Theory of Cellular Automata and Value of Ecosystem Services

Lian-fu Jiang,Guo-xian Xu,Hao Jiang

期刊论文

Influence of construction-induced damage on the degradation of freeze–thawed lightweight cellular concrete

期刊论文

Macro-architectured cellular materials: Properties, characteristic modes, and prediction methods

Zheng-Dong MA

期刊论文

A review of intelligent optimization for group scheduling problems in cellular manufacturing

期刊论文

How to judge the association of postmenopausal hormone therapy and the risk of breast cancer

Ling XU

期刊论文

Design of nanocarriers for efficient cellular uptake and endosomal release of small molecule and nucleic

Vaibhav Mundra, Ram I. Mahato

期刊论文

Quantum-dot cellular automata based reversible low power parity generator and parity checker design for

Jadav Chandra DAS,Debashis DE

期刊论文

Persistence of humoral and cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection: opportunities and challenges

Tangchun Wu

期刊论文

Functional role of ATM in the cellular response to DNA damage

Ming LIU, Wenxiang HU

期刊论文

二维可控细胞自动机伪随机序列发生方法研究

朱保平,马骞,刘凤玉

期刊论文

Quality evaluation of lightweight cellular concrete by an ultrasound-based method

Xin LIU; Dongning SUN; Jinhe LIAO; Zhiwei SHAO; Yunqiang SHI; Siqing ZHANG; Yunlong YAO; Baoning HONG

期刊论文